Pinealon

What Is Pinealon?

Pinealon is the Khavinson pineal and central-nervous-system bioregulator: the synthetic tripeptide Glu-Asp-Arg (EDR), designed at the St Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology as a defined-sequence successor to the original Epithalamin pineal extract. Where Epithalon (AEDG) is oriented toward the telomerase and circadian axis, Pinealon was developed as the CNS-targeted member of the same family, designed to cross the blood-brain barrier readily and act inside neurons.

According to the Khavinson group's work, Pinealon enters cells, translocates to the nucleus, and binds gene promoter regions to modulate transcription. Reported effects include upregulation of neuronal survival and antioxidant genes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, the Bcl-2 family), reduced apoptosis in cortical and cerebellar neurons under oxidative or hypoxic stress, normalised calcium signalling in aged neurons, and increased serotonin and norepinephrine turnover in rodent brain regions tied to mood and cognition. In animal models of cognitive decline, hypoxia, prenatal stress, and beta-amyloid challenge, Pinealon improved spatial and working memory and reduced neuronal death. The proposed mechanism is a gene-expression and neuronal-resilience shift rather than acute receptor agonism. As with the rest of the series, nearly all of the evidence comes from the originating institute.